#human-wildlife-conflict
Issues, solutions, and case studies for human-wildlife-conflict
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Issues 3
#00344Hunting, wildlife trade, fishing and conflict cause direct mortality
Threatened animals are killed or removed through hunting, trade, targeted fishing, bycatch and conflict responses faster than their populations can reproduce.
#00129Gill Nets are not a solution
Gill nets cause unnecessary harm to sharks and other wildlife while failing to reduce local shark presence, since sharks are highly migratory and have no fixed territory. Healthy shark populations are essential for balanced ecosystems.
#00068Fatal shark bites are rising as human–shark overlap increases along populated coasts
Shark-bite fatalities rose in 2025–26, clustered at crowded surf beaches and flood-affected estuaries. The driver is growing overlap between people and sharks in space and time — coastal crowding, recovering shark populations, and climate-shifted prey — not increased aggression.
Solutions 3
#00355Develop livelihood and conflict-mitigation alternatives with communities
Co-design practical livelihood, prevention and compensation measures with affected communities so coexistence does not impose unacceptable local costs or lead to killing threatened animals.
#00353Combine community patrols, enforcement and trade disruption
Coordinate community patrols, targeted enforcement, and trade-chain investigations to reduce illegal killing and trafficking of threatened animals.
#00072Behavioural risk reduction: timing, location and conditions guidance for water users
Cut overlap by changing when and where people swim: avoid dawn, dusk and night; stay out after heavy rain and away from river mouths and murky water; keep clear of baitfish, seals and fishing; swim at patrolled beaches. Cheap and universal, but only as good as compliance.
Case studies 4
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Red Wolf SAFE partners · Region
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service began releasing captive-bred red wolves at Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge in 1987. More than 60 adults were released from 1987 to 1994, wild breeding followed and the populat…
3 sources
Government of Mexico with fishing communities and conservation partners · Region
PACE-Vaquita sought to eliminate vaquita bycatch by enforcing gillnet restrictions, withdrawing fishing effort, testing alternative gear and compensating fishers. The IUCN Cetacean Specialist Group reports that 230 arti…
$26M · Government of Mexico conservation expenditure reported before 2015 · 3 sources
Ninh Bình Forest Protection Department, community rangers, Endangered Primate Rescue Center and Fauna & Flora partners · Region
Van Long Nature Reserve protects the largest known population of Delacour's langur through reserve management coordinated between the Ninh Bình Forest Protection Department, community-led patrol teams (including former…
3 sources
New South Wales, Australia
OngoingNSW DPIRD (SharkSmart) · Region
The NSW SharkSmart campaign operationalizes behavioural risk reduction at state scale through signage, a mobile education van programme, school-holiday pop-up events, and condition-based alerts and warnings during eleva…
NSW Government · 1 source