#anti-litter-behaviour-change

Terracycle offers free cigarette recycling programs (though only part of the cigarette is recycled or composted).

Let anyone photograph and geotag litter via an app that records type, material, and brand into an open database. Crowdsourcing builds real-time, street-level maps revealing hotspots and brand-level evidence for producer accountability.

Teach and normalise an outdoor ethic in which visitors carry out everything they bring in — including micro-litter and food scraps — sustained through education, signage and partnerships with land agencies and outdoor organisations.

Require retailers to charge a small mandatory fee per single-use carrier bag at checkout. Even a small charge cuts bag use and bag litter by around 80%, nudging shoppers toward reusables — a low-cost policy with fast, measurable results.

Combine more and better-placed ashtrays, free pocket ashtrays, public awareness that filters are plastic, and modest enforcement — sustained as a coordinated program rather than a one-off, typically halving butt litter where measured.

Reframe not-littering as an expression of who people already are — local pride, group identity — rather than an environmental instruction. Aimed at the demographics most likely to litter and delivered through broadcast and social media at scale.

Keep America Beautiful — founded in 1953 by packaging and beverage manufacturers — ran the 1971 "Crying Indian" PSA ("People start pollution. People can stop it."), achieving enormous cultural reach. The campaign is wid…

California municipalities began banning single-use carryout bags from 2007 onward, with statewide policy following. A 2019 peer-reviewed economic analysis (Taylor, R. L. C., *Journal of Environmental Economics and Manag…

Southend-on-Sea Borough Council deployed Hubbub's Ballot Bin across the town, installing 21 voting ashtrays in litter hotspots. The council reported a 46% reduction in cigarette-butt litter, demonstrating the concept re…

Hubbub deployed the Ballot Bin — a wall-mounted two-slot cigarette receptacle framed as an opinion poll — on Villiers Street, London, as the original proof of concept under the Neat Streets project. Smokers stub out in…

Litterati is a citizen-science app originating in San Francisco in which users photograph litter; AI assists in tagging each item's type, material, and brand into an open database. The brand-level data has been used in…

OpenLitterMap was started by Seán Lynch in Cork, Ireland in 2017 as an open-source, open-data platform modelled on OpenStreetMap. Users photograph and geotag litter via an app, recording type, material, and brand into a…

The Appalachian Trail Conservancy applies Leave No Trace principles across the ~2,200-mile Appalachian Trail through on-trail education and signage, promoting pack-it-in-pack-it-out norms among one of the US's highest-t…

Established in 1994 by the Leave No Trace Center for Outdoor Ethics in partnership with the National Park Service, US Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management, and US Fish & Wildlife Service. The programme delivers the…

The UK introduced a mandatory single-use carrier-bag charge progressively — Wales (2011), Northern Ireland (2013), Scotland (2014) and England (2015). The MCS Beachwatch citizen-science beach survey recorded a steep, su…

Keep America Beautiful's Cigarette Litter Prevention Program operates through a national network of local affiliates that install ash receptacles at transition points, distribute pocket/portable ashtrays, run public rem…

Southend-on-Sea Borough Council installed 21 Hubbub Ballot Bin voting ashtrays across the town from 2017, replicating the format at municipal scale beyond the original London proof-of-concept. The council reported a ~46…

The original "Ballot Bin" — a wall-mounted ashtray framed as a two-option poll (the debut question pitted Ronaldo against Messi) — was deployed by Hubbub on Villiers Street in central London in 2015 as part of the Neat…

Texas's anti-litter campaign was launched in 1986 by the state transport department (TxDOT) after research identified the typical roadside litterer as a young male (18–35) who did not perceive littering as a problem. Ra…