#packaging-standardisation

Selling concentrate assumes it reconstitutes into the same product at home. That needs real reformulation: predictable dilution across varied tap water, dry-state shelf stability, sensory parity with conventional products, and a preservative that works once water is added.

The closed loop is far cheaper with standardised, interoperable containers, but the bottle is a core branding asset and brands have real reasons to resist a shared container they do not control. The question is how to win standardisation without erasing brand differentiation.